Ipu and Ipu Heke

 

Prior to the arrival of the missionaries the primary instruments were the ipu (gourd) and the ipu heke (double gourd) these are still in use primarily to accompany traditional hula.

 

 

Guitars and Ukuleles

 

When the Mexican vaqueros arrived to work on the ranches they brought their guitars. The Portuguese paniolos brought their cavaquinhos which the Hawaiians adapted into the ukulele. The Hawaiians adopted the instruments but were not taught how to tune them.

 

 

Hawaiian Mele (song)

 

Raiatea Helm, a vocalist and winner of several Nā Hoku HanoHano awards recently wrote:

 

The tone that makes Hawaiian music unique is deeply connected to the cultural and emotional depth of the mele (song). It’s not just about the notes you sing—it’s about how you deliver them with intention, sensitivity, and an understanding of the poetry behind the lyrics. This tone is often warm, resonant, and fluid, reflecting the natural beauty and storytelling tradition of Hawaiʻi. It carries a certain humility and presence, which adds an emotional texture that transcends technical ability alone.

 

One of the key elements is learning to control your dynamics—not just volume, but the subtle shifts in tone color and expression. In Hawaiian music, the rise and fall of dynamics are tied within the mele. Knowing when to soften your voice to highlight a tender phrase, or when to expand with strength to convey emotion, brings the poetry to life. This dynamic control allows the singer to honor the story, and it’s a skill that can be developed through dedicated aural training—one of the most important aspects of becoming a true interpreter of Hawaiian music.

 

For those coming from other vocal styles, this process requires patience and a willingness to unlearn certain habits while embracing new techniques. It’s not just about vocal agility; it’s about refining the ear to pick up on the delicate nuances—how a kupuna might glide between notes or hold a vowel with intentional beauty. Through guided listening and practice, students can begin to shape their voices to carry these qualities.

 

I’m passionate about guiding students through this process—helping them not only understand their own voices but also how to embody the spirit of the mele. By incorporating aural skills, technical exercises, and interpretive training, students can develop a tone that resonates with authenticity while still honoring their unique sound. This is where Hawaiian music becomes more than just a performance—it becomes a living connection to the culture and stories of our ancestors.